Native North Americans traditionally grew three crops for most of their food needs. Affectionately these amazing three plants are referred to as the Three Sisters. Some quick history, from my perspective: Long ago in a land far far away… today a region known as Mexico, the stewards of the land grew three crops together in mounds. They were Corn, Beans, and Squash. The knowledge to effectively raise these crops was passed down generation after generation, along with the ever-improving seed stock from their selected plants. These farming practices eventually made their way through Northern Mexico, into North America, and spread East and West, and further North to multiple different native tribes of varying climates. The success of these three sisters and their yields encouraged many to abandon other “farmed” plants for this specific trio. Some research indicates this farming technique was practiced going back 5000 to 6000 years or more. Could it benefit us today with potential food shortages tomorrow? I say yes. Should it become part of your preps? I say yes. Would you plant some now in any space that you have, just in case? I believe you should right now. The Three Sisters TheoryNatives would dig a hole in the earth and place a freshly caught fish in the bottom to provide later plant sustenance.Soil was mounded over the hole. Corn was planted on the top flat of the mound. Once it sprouted, pole beans were planted around the corn, using the strong stalks as a trellis for future vertical growth. Squash was planted lower on the mound, to spread out and cover the ground as well as provide shade while attracting pollinators. The nitrogen fixing aspect of the beans was also a benefit. The combination of Corn and Beans is said to provide your complete protein needs as a human, while squash provides many essential vitamins as well as oil from the seeds. Historical Lore suggest some Northern Tribes planted the Three Sisters in spring prior to moving on from overwintering and heading to summer hunting and fishing grounds. Upon return in the fall, various critters such as Deer and Raccoons had snacked on the prolific growth for months while leaving some or most to grow. That left the enterprising hunters and farmers with the choice of eating MRE’s or the Three Sisters. (MREs, in this case, being, for example, a Meal Ready to Eat packaged in a fat corn fed deer!) Obviously, I’ve simplified the research that I have done, but the history and the theory is sound in my humble opinion. The Modern Three Sisters
1. Space to grow 2. Seeds that work for your zone and climate. (Preferably non-hybrid.) 3. Fish* 4. Additional Soil/compost 5. Hard work or, You can “build” a fish like me. I will provide fish building instructions below.) Corn grows high and squash spreads wide. The space you choose is up to you, but know that some people grow the Three Sisters in hoop houses, in planter boxes, and right in the old-fashioned flat ground. I suggest using the seeds from corn, squash and beans that you are familiar with and know that work well in your area. Note that by using non-hybrid seeds, you can save seed for subsequent plantings. Using whatever seeds you have on hand may work well. Then again they may not. For example, some pole beans are strong enough to pull weaker corn down to the ground in their never ending drive to scale it. So, my advice when new to planting the Three Sisters is to talk to your local garden/farm center, other farmers, and/or your nearest university-farm extension to see what will work best for you when choosing seeds. My personal land is bordering zone 5 and 6. I have been using heirloom Flint Corn seeds and just recently planted saved seed from years past. For the beans, I planted Heirloom Black Cherokee Bean seeds. For the squash, I have experimented with both yellow squash as well as baking pumpkins having had more success with the yellow squash. Your experience will certainly vary with your location and climate. It’s Time to Plant Your Three Sisters Plot
2. Designate your mound areas by giving at least 2′ x 2′ square per mound. 3. Dig a 4″ to 6″ deep hole at the middle of each square. 4. Insert a fish in each hole. 5. Cover hole with dirt and mound dirt into a hill with approximately 10″ round at the top and 20″ round at the bottom. 6. Insert 3-5 corn seeds in a circle near the middle of the top round. 7. Insert 3-5 bean seeds in a larger circle outside of the corn seeds. 8. Insert 5-7 squash seeds halfway down the mound in a circle around the mound. 9. Water profusely until seeds germinate. 10. Consider staking corn if the beans are pulling stalks down. 11. Watch for varmints, fence accordingly, or turn hungry critters into MREs later. 12. Grow your three sisters for 75 to 90+ days and harvest as necessary. 13. Enjoy. 14. Save some seeds for next year! What about the fish “build”? So whether through sheer laziness for not wanting to gather a boatload of fish or divine insight I came up with a way to “build a fish” that for me meets the criteria of providing nourishment for the plant roots. I have named this idea, succinctly, “Mama’s Famous Fish Emulsion and Bone Meal Balls Fish Alternative Builder” Directions: 1. Mix 2-3 ounces of liquid fish emulsion with 1-2 cups of bone meal. 2. Form a ball or patty with gloved hands 3. Add water or more bone meal as necessary to form ball 4. Place “fish ball” in the initial hole in the ground prior to mounding with soil. Genius, right? Or not… but it works well and the Three Sisters love it. Plus Liquid Fish Emulsion and Dry Bone Meal can be ordered online or at your nearest garden or farm cente — unlike a fresh fish. Feel free to play with the ratios as well as add any other nutrients to your next fish build. Three Sisters for the win! |